Astrophysics

The Rapidly Fading Afterglow from the Gamma-Ray Burst of 1999 May 6

We report on the discovery of the radio afterglow from the gamma-ray burst of 1999 May 6 (GRB 990506) using the Very Large Array. The radio afterglow was detected at early times (Δt=1.5 days) but began to fade rapidly sometime between 1 and 5 days …

The Radio Afterglow from GRB 980519: A Test of the Jet and Circumstellar Models

We present multifrequency radio observations from the afterglow of GRB 980519 beginning 7.2 hr after the gamma-ray burst and ending 63 days later. The fast decline in the optical and X-ray light curves for this burst has been interpreted either as …

The Radio Afterglow and the Host Galaxy of the X-Ray-rich GRB 981226

We report the discovery of a radio transient VLA 232937.2-235553, coincident with the proposed X-ray afterglow for the gamma-ray burst GRB 981226. This gamma-ray burst (GRB) has the highest ratio of X-ray to gamma-ray fluence of all the GRBs detected …

Discovery of the Optical Transient of GRB 990308

The optical transient of the faint gamma-ray burst GRB 990308 was detected by the QUEST camera on the Venezuelan 1 m Schmidt telescope starting 3.28 hr after the burst. Our photometry gives V=18.32+/-0.07, R=18.14+/-0.06, B=18.65+/-0.23, and …

Optical and Radio Observations of the Afterglow from GRB 990510: Evidence for a Jet

We present multicolor optical and two-frequency radio observations of the bright BeppoSAX event GRB 990510. Neither the well-sampled optical decay nor the radio observations are consistent with simple spherical afterglow models. The achromatic …

Discovery of a Radio Flare from GRB 990123

We report the discovery of a radio counterpart to GRB 990123. In contrast to previous well-studied radio afterglows that rise to peak flux on a timescale of a week and then decay over several weeks to months, the radio emission from this gamma-ray …

The unusual afterglow of the γ-ray burst of 26 March 1998 as evidence for a supernova connection

Cosmic γ-ray bursts have now been firmly established as one of the most powerful phenomena in the Universe, releasing almost the rest-mass energy of a neutron star within the space of a few seconds (ref. 1). The two most popular models to explain …

The Host Galaxy of GRB 990123

We present deep images of the field of GRB 990123 obtained in a broadband UV/visible bandpass with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and deep near-infrared images obtained with the Keck I 10 m telescope. The HST image reveals that the optical …

The spatial distribution of coalescing neutron star binaries: implications for gamma-ray bursts

We find the distribution of coalescence times, birth rates, spatial velocities, and subsequent radial offsets of coalescing neutron stars (NSs) in various galactic potentials accounting for large asymmetric kicks introduced during a supernova. The …

The afterglow, redshift and extreme energetics of the γ-ray burst of 23 January 1999

Long-lived emission, known as afterglow, has now been detected from about a dozen γ-ray bursts. Distance determinations place the bursts at cosmological distances, with redshifts, z, ranging from åisebox-0.5ex 1 to 3. The energy required to produce …